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Gum Disease

What is gum disease?

Infection or inflammation of your gums and bone that surrounds and supports your teeth is called as gum disease.

Types of gum disease:

  1. Gingivitis:Bacterial infection in the gums is called as gingivitis, it is reversible by proper brushing , flossing and regular dental checkup
  2. Periodontitis: If gingivitis is not treated the bacterial infection spreads to bone and tissues which supports the tooth which eventually leads to bone loss and tooth loss. It is an irreversible disease.

What causes gum disease:

It is mainly caused by deposition of plaque which is a thin, filmy, sticky substance that adheres on tooth surface. It can be cleaned by proper brushing. If it is not removed it hardens to become ‘tartar’ which is difficult to clean by regular brushing.

Risk factors of gum disease:

  • Inadequate poor oral hygiene
  • Smoking or tobacco
  • Harmonal changes(pregnancy)
  • Diabetics
  • Malaligned teeth – difficult to brush
  • Medications: steroids, anti – epilepsy drugs, calcium channel blockers, oral contraceptives

How do I know if I have gum disease:

Gum disease is a painless disease, you may not aware you have it

It is the major cause of tooth loss in adults

Warning signs of gum disease include the following:

Early symptoms:

  • Bleeding from gums on brushing or eating
  • Red, swollen and tender gums
  • Sensitive teeth
  • Bad breath

Advanced symptoms:

  • Gum abscesses (collection of pus underlying gums)
  • Bad taste
  • Receding gums – long appearing teeth
  • Loose or shaking teeth
  • Change in the way of bite
  • Loose fitting of denture

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